Secondary Resources

Territorial Status

 

Baldwin, Simeon E. “The Constitutional Questions Incident to the Acquisition and Government by the United States of Island Territory,” 12 Harv. L. Rev. 393 (1899).

 

Burgess, John W. “How May the United States Govern its Extra-Continental Territory,” Political Science Quarterly, 14 (1) (1899): 1-18.

 

Coudert, Frederic R. “The Evolution of the Doctrine of Territorial Incorporation,” 26 Colum, L. Rev. 823 (1926).

 

Duffy Burnett, Christina, and Burke Marshall, Eds. Foreign in a Domestic Sense: Puerto Rico, American Expansion, and the Constitution. Durham: Duke University Press, 2001. 

 

Farrand, Max. The Legislation of Congress for the Government of the Organized Territories of the United States, 1789-1895. Newark: Wm. A. Baker, 1896.

 

Gould, Lyman J. La ley Foraker, raíces de las política colonial de los Estados Unidos. Río Piedras: Editorial U.P.R., 1969.

 

Grupo de Investigadores Puertorriqueños. Breakthrough From Colonialism: An Interdisciplinary Study of Statehood. 2 vols. Río Piedras: Editorial de la Universidad de Puerto Rico, 1984. 

 

LaFeber, Walter. “The ‘Lion in the Path’: The U.S. Emergence as a World Power,” Political Science Quarterly, 101(5) (1986): 705-718.

 

_____. The New American Empire: An Interpretation of American Expansion, 1860-1898. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1998.

 

Langdell, C.C. “The Status of Our New Territories,” 12 Harv. L. Rev. 365 (1899).

Lawson, Gary and Guy Seidman. The Constitution of Empire: Territorial Expansion and American Legal History. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2004.

 

López Baralt, José. “Is the Paris Treaty “Null Ab Initio” as to the Cession of Puerto Rico?” 7 Rev. Jur. U.P.R. 75 (1938).  

 

_____. The Policy of the United States Towards its Territories with Special Reference to Puerto Rico. Río Piedras: Editorial de la Universidad de Puerto Rico, 1999.

 

Lowell, Abbott Lawrence. “The Status of Our New Possessions – A Third View,” 13 Harv. L. Rev. 155 (1899). 

 

_____. “The Colonial Expansion of the United States,” The Atlantic Monthly, 83 (496) (1899): 144-154.

 

Randolph, Carman F. “Constitutional Aspects of Annexation,” 12 Harv. L. Rev. 291 (1898).

 

Rivera Ramos, Efrén. American Colonialism in Puerto Rico: The Judicial and Social Legacy. Princeton: Markus Wiener Publishers, 2007.

 

Root, Elihu. The Military and Colonial Policy of the United States, Addresses and Reports, 2^nd ed., Edited by Robert Bacon and James Brown Scott. Cambridge, 1916; New York: AMS Press, 1970.

 

Sparrow, Bartholomew H. The Insular Cases and the Emergence of the American Empire. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2006.

 

Thayer, James B. “Our New Possessions,” 12 Harv. L. Rev. 464 (1899). 

 

Torruella, Juan R. The Supreme Court and Puerto Rico: The Doctrine of Separate and Unequal. Río Piedras: Editorial de la Universidad de Puerto Rico, 1988.

 

_____. Global Intrigues: The Era of the Spanish-American War and the Rise of the United States to World Power. Río Piedras: La Editorial, 2007.

 

Trask, David F. The War With Spain in 1898. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1981.

Trías Monge, José. Historia constitucional de Puerto Rico. 5 vols. Río Piedras: Editorial Universitaria, 1994.

 

_____. El choque de dos culturas juridicas en Puerto Rico, el caso de la responsabilidad civil extracontractual. Austin: Equity Publishing Company, 1991.

 

_____. Puerto Rico, The Trials of the Oldest Colony in the World. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1997.

 

Venator-Santiago, Charles R. Puerto Rico and the Origins of U.S. Global Empire: The Disembodied Shade. London: Routledge, 2015.

 

Weston, Rubin Francis. Racism in U.S. Imperialism, The Influence of Racial Assumption on American Foreign Policy, 1893-1946. Columbia: University of South Carolina Pres, 1972.

 

Willoughby, William F. Territories and Dependencies of the United States, Their Government and Administration. New York: The Century Co., 1905.

 

 

Puerto Rican Citizenship

 

Duffy Burnett, Christina. “‘They say I am not American…’: The Noncitizen National and the Law of American Empire,” 29 Immigr. & Nat’lity L. Rev. 511 (2008).

 

Erman, Sam. “Meanings of Citizenship in the U.S. Empire: Puerto Rico, Isabel Gonzalez, and the Supreme Court, 1898-1905,” Journal of American Ethnic History 27(4) (2008), 5-33.

 

García Martínez, Alfonso L. “La ciudadanía puertorriqueña, concepto del habitante natural,” 39 Rev. Jur. C. Abog. 241 (1978). 

Gould, Lyman J. La ley Foraker, raíces de las política colonial de los Estados Unidos. Río Piedras: Editorial U.P.R., 1969.

 

Huot Calderón, Eugenio J. “The Concept of Puerto Rican Citizenship,” 35 Rev. Der. P.R. 321 (1996). 

 

López Baralt, José. “Is the Paris Treaty “Null Ab Initio” as to the Cession of Puerto Rico?” 7 Rev. Jur. U.P.R. 75 (1938). 

 

_____. The Policy of the United States Towards its Territories with Special Reference to Puerto Rico. Río Piedras: Editorial de la Universidad de Puerto Rico, 1999.

 

Luque de Sánchez, María Dolores. La ocupación norteamericana y la ley Foraker, la opinión pública puertorriqueña. Río Piedras: Editorial Universitaria, 1986.

 

Mattei Filardi, Luis.  La sombra del imperio: Los inicios del Consejo Ejecutivo en Puerto Rico. San Juan: Isla Negra Editores, 2012.

 

McGovney, Dudley O. “Our Non-Citizen Nationals, Who are They,” 22 Cal. L. Rev. 593 (1934).

 

Raffucci de Garcia, Carmen I. El gobierno civil y la ley Foraker. Río Piedras: Editorial Universitaria, 1981.

 

Rivera Ramos, Efrén. American Colonialism in Puerto Rico: The Judicial and Social Legacy. Princeton: Markus Wiener Publishers, 2007.

 

Root, Elihu. The Military and Colonial Policy of the United States, Addresses and Reports, 2^nd ed., Edited by Robert Bacon and James Brown Scott. Cambridge, 1916; New York: AMS Press, 1970.

 

Whitney, Edward B. “The Porto Rico Tariffs of 1899 and 1900,” 9 Yale L. J. 297 (1900).

 

 

Individual Naturalization

Bothwell, Reece B. Trasfondo Constitucional de Puerto Rico: Primera Parte, 1887-1974. Rio Piedras: Editorial Universitaria, 1971.

 

Charlton, Paul. “Naturalization and Citizenship in the Insular Possessions of the United States,” Annals of the American Academy of Political Science (30) (1907): 104114.

 

Gettys, Luella. The Law of Citizenship in the United States. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1934.

 

Van Dyne, Frederick. Citizenship of the United States. New York: The Lawyer’s Cooperative Publishing Co., 1904.

 

Vega, Bernardo. Memoirs of Bernardo Vega: A Contribution to the History of the Puerto Rican Community in New York. Edited by César Andreu Iglesias. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1984.

 

Venator-Santiago, Charles R. “Extending Citizenship to Puerto Rico, The Three Traditions of Inclusive Exclusion, CENTRO: Journal of Puerto Rican Studies,” 25 (1)(2013): 50-75.

 

 

Collective Naturalization

 

Álvarez González, José Julián. Derecho constitucional de Puerto Rico y relaciones constitucionales con los Estados Unidos, Casos y materiales. Bogotá: Editorial Temis, S.A., 2009.

 

Bothwell, Reece B. La ciudadanía en Puerto Rico. Spain: Editorial Universitaria, 1980.

 

Cabranes, José A. Citizenship and the American Empire, Notes on the Legislative History of the United States Citizenship of Puerto Ricans. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1979.

Charlton, Paul. “Naturalization and Citizenship in the Insular Possessions of the United States,” Annals of the American Academy of Political Science 30 (1907), 104-114. 

Franqui-Rivera, Harry. “National Mythologies: U.S. Citizenship for the People of Puerto Rico and Military Service,” Memorias (10) (21) (2013): 5-21.

 

Rigau, hijo. Marco A. El derecho a la ciudadania y la ciudadania Americana de los Puertorriqueños, 37 Rev. Jur. U.P.R. 817 (1968).

 

Trías Monge, José. Historia constitucional de Puerto Rico. 5 vols. Río Piedras: Editorial Universitaria, 1994.

 

Venator-Santiago, Charles R. “Marriage and the Expatriation of Puerto Rican Women: A Note on the Extension of the Cable Act of 1922 to Puerto Rico,” Latino(a) Research Review 8 (1-2) (2012): 231-246.

 

_____. “Extending Citizenship to Puerto Rico, The Three Traditions of Inclusive Exclusion,” CENTRO: Journal of Puerto Rican Studies 25 (1) (2013): 50-75.

 

 

Birthright Citizenship

 

Álvarez González, José Julián. “The Empire Strikes Out: Congressional Ruminations on the Citizenship Status of Puerto Ricans,” 27 Harv. J. on Legis. 309 (1990).

 

_____. Derecho constitucional de Puerto Rico y relaciones constitucionales con los Estados Unidos, Casos y materiales. Bogotá: Editorial Temis, S.A., 2009.

 

Bothwell, Reece B. La ciudadanía en Puerto Rico. Spain: Editorial Universitaria, 1980.

 

González Lamas, Antonio. “Adquisición y perdida de la ciudadanía de Estados Unidos por los naturales de Puerto Rico,” 9 Revista de derecho, legislación y jurisprudencia 209 (1946). 

Perez, Lisa Maria. “Note: Citizenship Denied: The Insular Cases and the Fourteenth Amendment,” 94 Va. L. Rev. 1029 (2008).

 

Venator-Santiago, Charles R. “Extending Citizenship to Puerto Rico, The Three Traditions of Inclusive Exclusion,” CENTRO: Journal of Puerto Rican Studies 25(1) (2013): 50-75.

 

_____. “Are Puerto Ricans Native-Born U.S. Citizens? The 1948 Pagán/Fernós-Isern Amendment,” Ámbito de Encuentros 6 (2) (2013): 1-23.

 

_____. “A Note on Jesús T. Piñero and the Polemics of U.S. Citizenship for Puerto Ricans During the Decade of 1940,” Ámbito de Encuentros 9 (2) (2016): 7-22. 

 

 

Statutory Citizenship

 

Álvarez González, José J. 2009. Derecho constitucional de Puerto Rico y relaciones constitucionales con los Estados Unidos, Casos y materiales. Bogotá: Editorial Temis, S.A.

 

_____. “The Empire Strikes Out: Congressional Ruminations on the Citizenship Status of Puerto Ricans,” 27 Harv. J. on Legis. 309 (1990).

 

Berríos Martínez, Rubén, Fernando Martín García, and Francisco Catalá Oliveras. Puerto Rico: Nación independiente, imperativo del siglo XXI. San Juan: Editora Corripio, 2010.

 

Corwin, Edward S. 1978. The Constitution and What it Means Today. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

 

Font-Guzmán, Jaqueline N. “Confronting a Colonial Legacy: Asserting Puerto Rican Identity by Legally Renouncing U.S. Citizenship,” CENTRO Journal, XXV (1) (2013): 22-49.

Hein, John R. “Born in the U.S.A., But Not Natural Born: How Congressional Territorial Policy Bars Native-Born Puerto Ricans from the Presidency,” 11 U. Pa. J. Const. L. 423 (2008). 

 

Leibowitz, Arnold H. Defining Status: A Comprehensive Analysis of U.S. Territorial Policy. Amazon: 2013.

 

Mari Brás, Juan. Memorias de un ciudadano. Colombia: Ediciones Barco de Papel, 2006.

 

Perez, Lisa Maria. “Note: Citizenship Denied: The Insular Cases and the Fourteenth Amendment,” 94 Va. L. Rev. 1029 (2008).

 

Pryor, Jill. “The Natural-Born Citizen Clause and Presidential Eligibility: An Approach for Resolving Two Hundred Years of Uncertainty,” 97 Yale L.J. 881 (1988).

 

Roberts Harris, Patricia. “Developmental Problems in the Concept of Citizenship with Particular Attention to the United States-Puerto Rican Citizenship,” 15 Howard L.J. 47, 54 (1968).

 

Rodríguez Suárez, José. “Congress Giveth U.S. Citizenship Unto Puerto Ricans, Can Congress Take It Away?” 55 Rev. Jur. U.P.R. 627 (1986).

 

Serrano-Geyls, Raúl. “The Territorial Status of Puerto Rico and Its Effect on the Political Future of the Island,” 39 Rev. Jur. U.I.P.R. 13 (2004).

 

Smith Rogers M. The Insular Cases, Differentiated Citizenship, and Territorial Statuses in the Twenty-First Century, in Gerald L. Neuman and Tomiko Brown-Nagin, Eds. Reconsidering the Insular Cases: Past and Future. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2015.

 

Venator-Santiago, Charles R. “Apuntes/Annotations: Mapping the Contours of the History of the Extension of U.S. Citizenship to Puerto Rico, 1898-Present,” CENTRO Journal XXIX (1) (forthcoming April 2017).

_____. “Territorial Citizenship Today, Four Interpretations” PS: Political Science and Politics, (forthcoming April 2017).

 

_____. “A Note on Jesús T. Piñero and the Polemics of U.S. Citizenship for Puerto Ricans During the Decade of 1940,” Ámbito de Encuentros 9(2) (2016): 7-22.